Narrow Scope (AI-specific)Broad Scope (Economy-wide)Voluntary / Industry-ledMandatory / Government-enforcedRegulatory ScopeEnforcement MechanismWH FrameworkBlackburnOpenAI/LehaneKellySandersKhannaCA SB 53NY RAISE

The upper-right quadrant (mandatory + broad) is where the most interventionist proposals cluster -- the Blackburn bill ends up here despite its deregulatory branding, alongside Sanders, Khanna, and New York's proposed AI Act. The lower-left (voluntary + narrow) is where the White House and OpenAI sit, though OpenAI's push for mandatory federal testing pulls it toward the upper quadrant. Sanders lands in the upper-right because his proposals -- moratoriums, antitrust breakups, robot taxes -- are government-enforced and economy-wide in scope, even though they use structural tools rather than traditional regulatory compliance.

WH Framework
Blackburn
OpenAI/Lehane
Kelly
Sanders
Khanna
CA SB 53
NY RAISE